The Fort Belknap Community Council (Council) has successfully administered EPA programs, for over 15 years. The Council's Environmental Department has expanded from one staff position in 1991 to over 12 staff positions in 2006. The Environmental Department is comprised of 6 grant programs funded by EPA and 1 grant program funded by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (BOR). There are 9 full-time staff (9 FTE) and 2 part-time staff (1 FTE) funded by EPA, and 1 half-time staff (0.5 FTE) funded by the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Program.

EPA General Assistance Program (1992-Present)
The Council's General Assistance Program (GAP), formerly known as the Multimedia Program, funds a Manager and a Secretary, and partially funds the Environmental Technician (GIS) and Environmental Liaison. The program has been operated since 1992. The Manager provides administrative oversight to these 6 (EPA) and other federally funded environmental programs and ensures that they comply with grant/contract requirements. The GAP, Clean Water Act (CWA) Section 106 Water Pollution Control (Water Quality) and the CWA Section 104(b)(3) Wetlands Management Program have been administered under a Performance Partnership Grant (PPG) since April 2001. The CWA Section 319 Nonpoint Source Program and Pesticide Related Project for West Nile Virus Mosquito Control Program were recently acquired in October 2004 (FY 2005).

The Manager has 13 years experience in the Tribal Environmental Department, with 9 years as the Manager of the Environmental Department and 4 years as the Water Quality Coordinator. In 1993, she completed the Fort Belknap Quality Assurance Project Plan for Surface and Groundwater, which was approved by EPA the same year. In 1994, she established and initiated the surface water quality monitoring program on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation, until her promotion to Manager in 1996. She was instrumental in securing initial grant funding for the EPA Wetlands Management Program, two CWA Section 106 Special Projects, Environmental Justice Small Grants projects, Tribal Lead-Based Paint Program, and Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 103 Special Project. She also secured annual funding for the Environmental General Assistance Program (GAP), CWA Section 106 Water Pollution Control Program, and Environmental Justice Small Grants Program. In August 2002, she was the recipient of the EPA Region VIII, 2002 A. Wade Vitalis Award "for outstanding work to protect the environment of the Gros Ventre and Assiniboine Tribes of the Ft. Belknap Reservation."

The Secretary provides clerical support to these 7 grant programs, enabling staff to concentrate their efforts on accomplishing objectives in their specific work plans. The Secretary has 10 years experience in the secretarial field, with 2 years in the Environmental Department. She is responsible for publishing and distribution of the quarterly Circle Speaker environmental newsletter for the Department. The Secretary was also a First Responder on the Fort Belknap Volunteer Fire Department for over 4 years, and the Fort Belknap Volunteer Ambulance Service for 2 years.

CWA Section 106 Water Quality Program (1991-Present)
The Council's Water Quality program has been administered since 1991. In October 1993, Fort Belknap's Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) for Water Quality Monitoring of Surface and Groundwater was approved by EPA. Water quality monitoring of surface water began in 1994 and continues to the present. In 1998, Fort Belknap completed their Unified Watershed Assessment and identified the Peoples Watershed as a priority watershed. In 2001, the Water Quality Coordinator completed the Fort Belknap Indian Community NonPoint Source Assessment Report and, in 2002, he completed the Fort Belknap Indian Community NonPoint Source Management Plan. EPA approved both documents in 2002. These documents will be vital in developing Tribal Water Quality Standards for the Reservation. Initial work has begun on developing Tribal Water Quality Standards (TWQS) for the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation, including beneficial uses and initial steps in designated uses.

Since 2001 at the insistence of EPA, Tribal water quality data has been converted into various formats for data storage, in essence to protect and safeguard our data. After several attempts (format changes), the Tribes, under EPA and a consultant firm's direction, are converting the data into a usable data storage system that can be easily transferred into EPA's national STORET database storage system. At present, water quality data is only accessible by the Tribes.

The Water Quality Coordinator has 9 years experience working in the Water Quality Program. He supervises three Environmental Technicians (1 full-time position and 1 part-time position funded by EPA, and 1 half-time position funded by the TANF Program). The Water Quality Coordinator, along with two other tribal members, was a recipient of the EPA Region VIII 2004 Frank DeCouteau Award "in recognition of outstanding efforts in developing an Aquatic Resource Protection Ordinance for the Fort Belknap Indian Community." He strengthened the ARPO by including the handling and storage of pesticides and hazardous substances.

Reclamation Project -CWA Section 106 (1996-Present)
The concern over federal and state CWA violations at the Zortman/Landusky gold mines, in the Little Rocky Mountains adjacent to the Reservation, prompted the Tribes' need for a liaison position to work directly with the Council. In 1996, an Environmental Liaison position was created by the Council to work closely with them and serve as a liaison between the Council and the State of Montana and EPA on various mine and water quality issues. The Environmental Liaison is the Council's primary contact on all pertinent issues associated with the mine, reclamation activities, and water quality issues between the Council, State of Montana Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ), U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM), EPA, and our technical environmental consultants and legal counsel. He coordinates meetings, activities, and conference calls between the Council, federal government, state of Montana, and the Council's consultants and legal counsel. EPA and the Bureau of Land Management initially funded the position. In 1998, the Council transferred the program to the Environmental Department. EPA now funds the position under the CWA Section 106 Water Quality Program and EPA General Assistance Program (GAP). Over the years, the Environmental Liaison duties have expanded to include educational presentations at environmental conferences, environmental educator on the Reservation, and informational witness for the Tribes at hearings.

The Environmental Liaison has 6 years experience working as the Council's liaison on water quality and mine reclamation issues. He also has 10 years experience as a Water Treatment Plant Operator. From 1999 to 2000, he was a member of the Technical Working Group during the Multiple Accounts Analysis process on the Zortman and Landusky mines reclamation. He was also a member of the Technical Working Group during the preparation of the Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement for Reclamation of the Zortman and Landusky Mines, Phillips County, Montana (December 2001). Again in 2005, he was appointed as one the Tribes' representatives on the Zortman-Landusky Technical Working Group under the Settlement Framework MOU between Montana DEQ and the Fort Belknap Indian Community Council (et al) to explore the possibility of settling a State lawsuit filed in 2002. His responsibilities included reviewing technical documents and reports, consulting with our experts and federal and state government officials, and reporting directly to the Council on all water quality and mine reclamation issues. In 2000, he also served as the liaison on the EPA Non-Time Critical Removal Action in King Creek between the Council, EPA, Army Corps of Engineers, IT Corporation, Portage Environmental, Inc., BLM and others. The project consisted of removing mine tailings from the King Creek drainage and hauling and placing the tailings at the Landusky mine site for use in their reclamation activities.

CWA Section 104(b)(3) Wetlands Program (1996-Present)
The Council's Wetlands Project has been administered since 1996. In June 1999, the Wetlands Specialist completed the Wetlands Program Five-Year Strategic Management Plan that has guided wetland activities on the Reservation. In May 2000, the Wetlands Specialist completed the Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) for wetland assessments and delineations, which he started the same year. In 2000, a Vascular Plant Reference Collection was initiated, with a collection today of over 140 plants - 49% wetland plants and 51% upland plants. Major wetlands have been identified and are being mapped using GPS/GIS technology. Wetlands in the Peoples Watershed have been identified as being impacted by mining activities and grazing practices. The watershed will be given priority in future monitoring and restoration efforts on the Reservation. Current efforts are focused on identifying mitigation sites to use on the Reservation, strengthening the Aquatic Resources Protection Ordinance (ARPO), and revising the QAPP to include new research projects.

The Wetlands Specialist has 8 years experience in the Environmental Department, with 6 years as the Wetlands Specialist and 2 years as the Coordinator of the Environmental Mitigation Project. He supervises one part-time seasonal Environmental Technician. In 1999, as Coordinator of the Environmental Mitigation Project, he compiled the Snake Butte Environmental Mitigation Remedial Site Investigation (Phase I) Report. In 2002, he completed the Comprehensive List of Plant Species Occurring in King Creek. The document was used during the final stages of the Non-Time Critical Removal Action in King Creek for the re-vegetation phase of the King Creek project by the US Army Corps of Engineers, IT Corporation, and TREC, Inc. The same year, the Wetlands Specialist secured a $22,500 grant from the US Bureau of Reclamation to fund the completion of draft Wetland Inventory maps for the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation. He also finalized the Fort Belknap Indian Community Aquatic Resources Protection Ordinance, (ARPO) approved by the Council on January 7, 2003. A final administrative review process is required before activities under the ordinance are initiated. In 2004, the Wetlands Specialist, along with two other tribal members, was the recipient of the EPA Region VIII, 2004 Frank DeCouteau Award "in recognition of outstanding efforts in developing an Aquatic Resource Protection Ordinance for the Fort Belknap Indian Community." He revised the draft ARPO to include mitigation measures to be used as guidelines for wetland restoration and enhancement.

CAA Section 103 Air Quality Project (2000-Present)
The Council has administered a Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 103 Special Project since October 2000. The objective of the project is to assess current air quality conditions on the Reservation and continue to maintain our relatively clean air shed. In February 2002, the Air Emissions Inventory of the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation was completed. It was reviewed in 2003 to determine where data gaps existed. In May 2004, the Air Quality Specialist with the assistance of a contractor, Portage Environmental Inc., updated the Emissions Inventory. Additional information was researched and compiled and the document was revised based on this new information. In addition, they determined impacts from the transfer stations (gas pipe line) just west of the Reservation and impacts from Canada. In the spring of 2004, the Air Quality Specialist initiated a 1- year Saturation Study near the Little Rocky Mountains to investigate the concentration of particulate matter in the air on the southern end of the Reservation. Upon completion of this study, a 1-year Saturation Study began on the northern end of the Reservation. A draft Open Burn Ordinance for the Reservation has been developed by our contractor, Portage Environmental, Inc., and the Air Quality Specialist, with input from Tribal Fire Management and other Tribal staff. The document is in the process of being finalized.

The Air Quality Specialist has 5 years experience working in the Section 103 Air Quality Program. He was instrumental in implementing the current Air Quality Program on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation. He played a significant role in gathering data and assisting our contractor with the Fort Belknap Air Emissions Inventory in 2002. He also has 11 years experience as a Survey Technician/Grade Checker on construction projects.

Brownfields Tribal Response Program (2004-Present)
On October 1, 2004, the Fort Belknap Community Council was awarded a Brownfields Tribal Response Program grant in the amount of $172,730. The primary objective of the Brownfields Tribal Response Program is to address the assessments, cleanup, and redevelopment of brownfields sites and other potential contaminated sites on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation. The program allows the FBCC to enhance and build capacity to the existing brownfields activities taking place on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation by addressing the following required elements of a Tribal Response Program: (1) a timely survey and inventory of all potential brownfields sites on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation; (2) oversight and enforcement authorities or other mechanisms and resources that are adequate to ensure that necessary response activities are occurring; (3) mechanisms and resources to provide meaningful opportunities for public participation; (4) mechanisms for approval of a cleanup plan and verification that cleanup is complete; and (5) maintaining an informed and updated public record of all brownfields sites.

The Brownfields Tribal Response Program also allowed the Fort Belknap Indian Community to conduct specific-site activities that included further Phase II ESA activities at the Old Agency Landfill site in 2005-2006. A draft Phase II ESA Report has been completed, and will be finalized after review by EPA and FBCC.

The Brownfields Coordinator has 7 years experience in the Environmental Department, with approximately 5 years experience as the Brownfields Coordinator, 1 year as a Water Quality Specialist, and one-half year each as the Wetlands Coordinator, and as an Environmental Technician. She has also worked 5 seasons for the Blaine County Mosquito Abatement Program. She has successfully implemented and managed the Brownfields project. This is evident in the progress made on the ESA's and completion of the Phase I ESA Reports, Phase II ESA Reports, and Phase III Letter Report on the Old Agency Landfill and Snake Butte Rock Quarry. She also completed an Education Plan for the Brownfields Program and two (2) Quality Assurance Project Plans (QAPP's) for the Council. These included the Fort Belknap Indian Community Little Rockies/106 Special Project Quality Assurance Project Plan in February 2001 and the revised Fort Belknap Indian Community Quality Assurance Project Plan (Water Quality Monitoring for Surface and Groundwater) in August 2001.

Lead Screening and Educational Outreach (2006-2008)
On April 13, 2006, the Fort Belknap Indian Community was awarded the Lead Screening and Educational Outreach Project for $125,000 for a 2-year period from April 10, 2006 to March 31, 2008. The goal of the project is to provide the community with education and outreach regarding the harmful effects of lead and potential pathways within the community that could be a concern due to lead exposure. The grant will also be used to provide the Fort Belknap Indian Community with the opportunity to test for lead in children up to five years old.

Brownfields Job Training Program (2003-2005)
On September 10, 2003, the Fort Belknap Community Council was awarded the Brownfields Job Training Program grant for $200,000 for a 2-year period, September 15, 2003 to September 30, 2005. The project was later extended to December 31, 2005. In response to the primary objective of EPA's Brownfields Initiative to cleanup and reuse brownfields sites while generating employment and economic development activities, the Tribes pursued a Brownfields Job Training Program. Our goal was to assist the Tribes in developing a successful training program that enabled the Tribes to work towards identifying and minimizing safety and health hazards that exist on the Reservation, while maintaining honor for the traditional and cultural values of the Gros Ventre and Assiniboine Tribes. In order to make this a successful endeavor, the Fort Belknap Indian Community formed partnerships with the Fort Belknap College, Montana Tech of the University of Montana, White Clay (cultural) Society, Buffalo Chasers (cultural) Society, Portage Environmental, and many local Tribal programs such as TANF, Voc-Rehab, Child Care Program, and others.

The Fort Belknap Job Training Program consisted of classroom and field instruction in two (2) Certification Tracks of study. The first was the Hazardous Waste Track consisting of 8 courses specific to that field of study; and the second was the Remediation/Ecosystem Track also consisting of 8 courses specific to that field of study. In addition, 5 courses were offered by the Tribe on environmental related issues. Each student received college credit for the courses, as well as certificates for each completed course, and a certificate for each completed Certification Track. Participation in the program required that 1/3 of the participants be unemployed or low-income, 1/3 be TANF, Vocational-Rehabilitation Program, or General Assistance (G.A.) participants, and the remaining 1/3 be low-income housing participants. A high school diploma or GED was required to participate in the program.

The goal of the project was to train the unemployed or under-employed so they qualified to apply and work in Environmental Technology fields. This field of study enabled our people to be available to work towards EPA's Brownfields Program objective - to cleanup and reuse Brownfields sites.

The Tribe leveraged $74,409 from Tribal programs/entities that provided in-kind support and services to the Brownfields Job Training Program. A total of 123 participants completed one or more courses. Three (3) participants completed all courses. A total of 34 participants obtained employment. Twenty-four (24) individuals obtained employment specifically related to their training received from the Brownfields Job Training Program; 10 individuals obtained unrelated employment.

Brownfields Assessment Demonstration Pilot Project (2001-2004)
The Council successfully administered a Brownfields Assessment Demonstration Pilot project grant from August 2001 to October 2004. Environmental Site Assessments (ESA's) were conducted on two sites, the Old Agency Landfill and the Snake Butte Rock Quarry, to assess the environmental conditions of the Brownfields sites and to protect the health of residents on the reservation. Phase I of the ESA was completed and consisted of a preliminary review of the site's past and present uses, review of records about activities at the sites, and a site reconnaissance (physically walking and observing the site). Phase II of the ESAs included sampling and analysis of groundwater and surface water, and soil analysis. The analysis identified types of hazardous substances present, concentration of contaminants, and the media affected. The data had undergone data validation first by our contractor, and the Phase II ESA Report was then completed. Based on the Phase II ESA results, no contamination was found at the Snake Butte Rock Quarry site in the waste, soil or groundwater. Most of the disturbances were physical, such as disturbed drainage patterns, and the quarry walls being disturbed. The report recommended that any future work performed at the site, should consist of re-contouring the scheme for the area. Contamination was found at the Old Agency Landfill site and after reviewing the Phase II ESA Report and Phase III Letter Report, EPA and the Council recommended further Phase II investigations were warranted for the Old Agency Landfill site. The ESA work was conducted under the Brownfields Tribal Response Program in 2005-2006. A draft Phase II ESA Report has been completed, and will be finalized after review by EPA and FBCC.

Tribal Lead-Based Paint Program (2000-2002)
The Council successfully administered a Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Section 404(g) Tribal Lead-Based Paint Program from January 20, 2000 to March 29, 2002. In 1999, the Tribes submitted a Treatment as a State application to become eligible to receive funding for the program. The goal of the project was to: (1) identify key stakeholders to form partnerships and collect data; (2) conduct a baseline assessment to determine any prior blood-lead screening, household water, soil, dust, and paint sampling; and (3) provide lead training/education and disseminate lead outreach materials to the public to educate them of possible lead hazards in the home/community. The Tribes submitted the Fort Belknap Environmental Protection Program Quality Assurance Project Plan for Lead-Based Paint Data Operations on December 20, 2000. It was approved by EPA Region VIII on January 17, 2001. It was the first Tribal QAPP for the Lead-Based Paint Program approved in Region VIII. On May 29, 2001, the Lead Coordinator passed the U.S. EPA OPPTS/ Lead-Based Paint Activities Certification Risk Assessor Examination. As a result, on June 5, 2001, the Fort Belknap Indian Community received certification as a Firm to conduct lead-based paint activities pursuant to 40 CFR Part 745.226; and on June 8, 2001, the Lead Coordinator also received certification as a Risk Assessor to conduct lead-based paint activities pursuant to the same Code. In addition, on August 29, 2001, the Lead Coordinator became certified in radiation safety and monitoring, measurement technology, and machine maintenance of the NITON XRF Spectrum Analyzer from the Niton Corporation.

CWA Section 106 Special Projects (1999-2004)
(1999-2001)
1. The Council successfully administered a CWA Section 106 Special Project on Water Quality from April 1999 to December 2001. Coordination efforts were implemented on the CWA Section 106 Special Project to assess possible contaminants in the Old Agency Landfill site to Fort Belknap Agency's domestic water supply. On August 28, 2000, EPA approved the revised Fort Belknap Indian Community Quality Assurance Project Plan (Water Quality Monitoring for Surface and Groundwater) to monitor under this project. Three groundwater wells were installed near the Old Agency Landfill. These wells were monitored along with two surface water sites from August 2000 to December 2001.

Results from this investigation appeared to indicate the landfill had not contaminated the underlying groundwater and the adjacent oxbow with pesticides or PCB's. However, after reviewing the elevation contours measured in the monitoring wells, it became apparent that none of the monitoring wells were placed up-gradient, or down-gradient of the landfill to characterize background conditions. In addition, soil sampling did not occur during the monitoring well installation. Organic chemicals often attach themselves to soils that are clay-like such as are at the landfill site. This may be the reason that organic chemicals were not detected in the water analysis, under this study. It was determined that further investigation of the Old Agency Landfill site was required to safeguard the health and welfare of Reservation residents. It was recognized as a potential Brownfields site and was prioritized under the Brownfields Assessment Demonstration Pilot project as one of two initial sites to conduct an Environmental Site Assessment (ESA).

(2000-2004)
2. The Council also administered a second CWA Section 106 Special Project from April 2000 to March 2004. The focus of this project was to investigate and assess potential contamination of domestic water supplies near the Little Rocky Mountains from acid mine drainage (AMD) and land practices. In February 2001, EPA approved the Fort Belknap Indian Community Little Rockies/106 Special Project Quality Assurance Project Plan to monitor under this project. Well data was researched and compiled, and from this data potentially impacted domestic wells and springs were identified for ground water monitoring. Site locations were monitored from July 2001 to June 2002. Three (3) sites were identified with water quality impacts. The 3 sites were added to the CWA Section 106 Sampling and Analysis Plan for FY 2003 to present. The sites will continue to be monitored on a long-term basis.

Source Water Protection Program (1998-2002)
The Council successfully administered a Source Water Protection grant from 1998 to 2002. A GIS database system was developed under the Source Water Protection program to store and manipulate water quality and stream flow data. Alluvial recharge basins were delineated on GIS (where ground water is obtained) and new monitoring well sites were identified and installed for ground water monitoring. Two ground water wells were installed - one in Hays and one in Lodge Pole. Static water levels were taken each month from these two wells, as well as two other wells located near the vicinity of the new wells in both Hays and Lodge Pole. Quarterly monitoring was conducted on the new ground water wells only because of limited resources. The samples were analyzed to assess migration of any potential contaminants. The study determined that ground water flows in a northwest direction.

Based on the results of the ground water analyses, contaminants from identified sources have had little effect on the ground water at this time. However, it was recommended that monitoring be continued to analyze for any trends in ground water quality from acid mine drainage and non-point sources such as wastewater and agricultural impacts. It was further recommended to continue taking static water levels as long as monitoring is being conducted to get a comprehensive representation of how fluctuations in water quantity affect water quality over time. The monitoring of these wells will be included in the monitoring plans of the CWA Section 106 and/or the Nonpoint Source programs. The study also determined the flow of ground water was in a northwest direction.

Non-Time Critical Removal Action in King Creek (1999-2000)
In 1999-2000, at the request of the Council, EPA conducted a Non-Time Critical Removal Action in King Creek in the Mission Canyon near Hays. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers were oversight for the project. IT Corporation was the primary contractor. The Council was awarded $50,000 to hire a Technical Advisor for the project and a Tribal Liaison to work directly with the Advisor. Portage Environmental, Inc. was awarded the contact for the Technical Advisor. The (Tribal) Environmental Liaison provided communication between the Council, EPA, Army Corps of Engineers, IT Corporation, Portage Environmental, Inc., BLM, and others. He informed the Council of all project activities. IT Corporation, the primary contractor, hired and trained 11 tribal members for the project. The project consisted of removing mine tailings from the King Creek drainage and hauling and placing the tailings at the Landusky mine site for use in their reclamation activities. The project was completed in the 2000 field season. In 2000, the Wetlands Specialist completed the Comprehensive List of Plant Species Occurring in King Creek. The US Army Corps of Engineers, IT Corporation, and TREC, Inc., used the document during the final stages of the King Creek project. It provided baseline data for the re-vegetation phase of the King Creek project. See http://www.hq.usace.army.mil/cepa/pubs/jun01/story7.htm for more information.

ANA Environmental Mitigation Project (1998-1999)
From 1998 to 1999, the Council successfully administered the Administration for Native Americans (ANA)/Department of Defense (DOD) Environmental Mitigation Project. The objective of the project was to conduct a remedial site investigation to determine impacts from the Snake Butte Rock Quarry operations during the 1930's by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The rock or riprap taken from the quarry was shipped by railroad from Fort Belknap Indian Reservation to Fort Peck, Montana, and was used in the construction of the Fort Peck Dam. The Environmental Mitigation Coordinator conducted extensive research across the country to find documents related to the Snake Butte Rock Quarry. He coordinated a remedial site investigation with a group of scientists and an archaeologist that traveled along the entire length of the Snake Butte railroad grade and immediate area to investigate impacts from the rock quarry. The result was the Snake Butte Environmental Mitigation Remedial Site Investigation (Phase I) Report. The report identified and documented impacts associated with removal of 650,000 cubic yards of riprap (rock) from Snake Butte. At the onset, the project was to be a three-phase project, with the first year as a Phase I site assessment. However, DOD changed the focus of the project funding from the three-phase mitigation process to the development of natural resources as a mitigation measure. This was unacceptable with the goals of the Environmental Department. Thus, DOD funding through ANA was not pursued any further.

ANA Environmental Enhancement Project (1994-1996)
From September 1994 to August 1996, the Council administered the ANA Environmental Enhancement grant, or the Tribal Environmental Policy Act project. The objective of the project was to develop a draft Tribal Environmental Policy Act (TEPA) for the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation. In 1995, the Coordinator of the project and the legal consultant hired by the Fort Belknap Indian Community developed a preliminary draft TEPA document. They held community meetings to solicit public input on the draft document. The Coordinator and legal consultant developed a Final Draft TEPA document based on comments received from the community. However, the Council did not officially adopt the document due to concerns about enforcement.

Environmental Justice Small Grants (1994-1998?)
Beginning in 1994, the Council successfully administered EPA's Environmental Justice Small Grants Program. The goal of the project was to promote environmental justice/ environmental awareness and education to the residents of the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation. This was accomplished through a quarterly environmental newsletters, environmental seminars and workshops, radio programs, and community participation in and at community meetings, public scoping meetings, and at community events throughout the reservation and sometimes off-reservation. All the education activities initiated under the Environmental Justice Small Grants Program proved very successful throughout the Fort Belknap Indian Community. Most of these activities continue to this day.